中文摘要：

室温离子液体是一种新兴的可替代挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的绿色溶剂和高效的反应介质，为减少或消除化学反应和过程工程中的环境问题提供了重要的途径。以离子液体为反应介质进行聚合反应，可消除或减小VOCs的危害，也可实现催化剂的有效回收利用和聚合物的纯化，更好地控制聚合反应及聚合产物的结构与性质、乃至直接用作高效的聚合催化剂。本文综述近年来离子液体中聚合反应的研究现状及最新进展，分析现存的问题，并展望今后的发展方向。

英文摘要：

Ionic liquids （ILs） are non-volatile, non-flammable and easy-to-recycle organic salts and therefore are viewed as potential replacements of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） and used as green solvents and efficient reaction media to reducc/elinfinate environmental problems in chemistry and process industries. In recent years, ILs have been successful used in polymerization reactions not only to diminish the problems resulted from VOCs but also to recycle catalysts and purify polymeric products, to more efficiently control polymerization process and the structure and properties of resultant polymers, and even to directly catalyze polymerizations. This article reviews recent advances in polymerization conducted in ionic liquid media.