中文摘要：

为进一步预防和控制连续下坡路段交通事故,探讨其时空分布特征。针对连续下坡路段交通安全问题突出的特点,根据某高速公路典型连续下坡路段的交通事故统计资料、道路线形指标和交通量,分析该路段交通事故时空分布特征。采用相关性分析方法,探讨潜在影响因素与连续下坡路段交通事故时空分布的相关性。研究结果表明,在8∶00—10∶00时,小时事故率、死亡率和受伤率均达到最大;当连续下坡路段长度不超过3 km时,连续下坡对事故率、死亡率和受伤率基本无影响;随着路段长度的增加,合理地设置避险车道有助于减少事故率、死亡率和受伤率;但当路段长度超过9 km时,设置避险车道等防护措施对事故率、死亡率和受伤害率的影响均不明显。

英文摘要：

Temporal-spatial distribution of traffic accident on continuous downgrade segment were studied in order that a scientific basis can be provided for further control and prevention of traffic accident on continuous downgrade segments. According to the characteristics of traffic accidents on continuous downgrade segments,the temporal-spatial distribution characteristics of traffic accidents were analyzed for a typical continuous downgrade segment of a certain expressway in China,based on data on traffic accident,road alignment,and traffic volume. The correlation analysis method was used to explore the correlation relationship between temporal-spatial distribution characteristics of traffic accidents and potential influencing factors. The results show that hourly accident rate,mortality rate and injury rate reach their maximum between 8∶ 00 am and 10∶ 00 am,that when length of continuous downgrade segment is less than 3 km,it has almost no influence on accident rate,mortality rate and injury rate,that with increase in the length of continuous downgrade segment,reasonably setting up emergency escape ramps could help to reduce accident rate,mortality rate and injury rate,and that when length of continuous downgrade segment is more than 9 km,it is almost impossible to reduce accident rate,mortality rate or injury rate by reasonably setting up emergency escape ramps.