中文摘要：

土壤动物在退化生态系统的恢复与重建中发挥着重要作用.为了解铜尾矿区土壤动物群落特征的变化规律,采用样带法和陷阱法对安徽铜陵市杨山冲铜尾矿自然废弃地及其外围林地土壤动物群落进行调查.样带法共获得土壤动物1 466只,隶属5门9纲,共计23个类群,优势类群为蜱螨目、弹尾目和线虫纲,常见类群为双翅目幼虫、寡毛纲、膜翅目、鞘翅目幼虫、鞘翅目、猛水蚤目和蜘蛛目;陷阱法共获得土壤动物384只,主要有弹尾目、膜翅目、蜘蛛目和寡毛纲等12个类群.自铜尾矿自然废弃地中心到外围林地,土壤动物多度、丰富度、DG指数和Shannon-Wiener指数呈递增趋势;与外围林地距离越大,与外围林地群落相似性系数越小,表聚性越明显.地表土壤动物从外围林地迁入铜尾矿自然废弃地的多度和丰富度随间隔距离的增加而不断减少,其中多度随调查时间的延长而增加.上述结果表明,铜尾矿自然废弃地及其外围林地土壤动物群落之间具有明显的差异性和渐变性,这为外围林地土壤动物迁入铜尾矿自然废弃地定居提供了证据.

英文摘要：

Rehabilitation and rebuilding of soil fauna play an important role in the degraded ecosystem. To understand the variation characteristics of soil fauna community in natural abandoned land of copper-mine-tailings, belt transect method and pitfall trapping test were used at Yangshanchong natural abandoned land of copper-mine-tailings （NALC） and suburb forest land （SFL） to investigate soil fauna communities in the city of Tongling, Anhui Province of China. A total of I 466 individuals of soil fauna were collected, including 23 genera, 5 phyla, 9 classes. Acarina, Collembola and Nematodes were the dominant groups; Diptera larvae, Oligochaeta, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera larvae, Coleoptera, Harpacticoida and Araneae were the frequent groups. A total of 384 individuals of soil fauna were collected which belonged to 12 genera, including the Collembola, Hymenoptera, Araneae and Oligochaeta. The abundance, richness, DG diversity index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of soil fauna showed a constantly increasing trend from treatments of central NALC to that of SFL. The greater the distance from treatments of NALC to that of SFL, the smaller was the jaccard similarity coefficient （q） of treatments of NALC with that of SFL, and the more obvious was the surface aggregation of soil fauna in soil profile at treatments of NALC. The abundance and richness of ground-dwelling soil fauna immigrating from SFL to NALC reduced constantly with the increase of spacing distance, and the abundance increased constantly with the extending of investigation time. The above results indicated very significant differences and gradual changes of soil fauna community between NALC and SFL, which provided evidence for the immigration and colonization of soil fauna from SFL to NALC. Tab 6, Ref47