中文摘要：

利用配备有能谱仪的扫描电镜（SEM-EDS）、X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）研究了粉煤灰中硅铝质微珠的形貌、矿物组成及内部显微结构。研究结果表明：粉煤灰中的硅铝质微珠具有矿物分布不均匀的特点,通常具有玻璃相外壳以及玻璃相、晶体交错分布组成的骨架,单个微珠之间的矿物组成差异很大;硅铝质微珠的内部为空心、多孔或实心结构,珠体内部或珠壁内弥散分布很多气孔,一些纳米级微球镶嵌与珠体内部或存在于气孔中形成子母珠。

英文摘要：

The morphology,mineral composition and microstructure of fly ash microspheres were studied with scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy（SEM-EDS）,X-ray diffraction（XRD）,and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）.Both the surface and internal structure of fly ash microspheres were analyzed.The results show that microspheres have two mineral components：amorphous aluminosilicate（glass phase） and crystal.Both mineral compositions apparent on the microsphere surface and cross-sections clearly show that thecrystal and glass phase are mixed throughout the fly ash microspheres in homogeneously.Different microshperes have great difference in mineralcomposition.Microspheres have hollow structure,porous structure or solid structure,with many pores distributed in dispersion in the inner or inthe wall.A few nanospheres embed in the microsphere forming plerospheres.