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中文摘要：
通过核辐射诱变筛检固碳性能优异的突变藻种，利用微藻光合生长高效捕集燃煤烟气中大量CO2，对于我国节能减排和低碳经济具有重要意义。由于电厂燃煤烟气流量很大、CO2浓度高达15%、含有SO2/NOX/超细粉尘等污染物，故野生型微藻一般难以实现大规模高效率地减排如此大量CO2，迫切需要对微藻进行种质创新以提高减排烟气CO2效率。本项目提出采用γ射线对小球藻等典型藻种进行核辐射诱变，筛检选育出固碳效率高、生长速率快、烟气耐受性强的藻种突变体，通过基因测序揭示诱变藻种固碳酶基因改良的微观机理。设计膜式光合生物反应器促进诱变藻种的高密度快速生长，通过优化调控促进诱变藻种固定大流量高浓度CO2的热动力学反应机制，揭示燃煤烟气中SO2/NOX/超细粉尘等多种污染物对诱变藻种固碳反应的影响控制原理。使诱变藻种适宜生长的CO2浓度提高到15%，并且使微藻固定燃煤烟气中CO2转化为生物质能的效率提高100%。
英文摘要：
microalgae；CO2 fixation；coal combustion；nuclear mutation；biomass
结论摘要：
利用微藻生长捕集燃煤烟气CO2对于我国节能减排和低碳经济具有重要意义。野生型微藻难以大规模高效率地减排烟气CO2，迫切需要对微藻进行种质创新以提高减排烟气CO2效率。本项目首次采用钴60-γ射线对野生型小球藻进行核辐射诱变，筛检选育出高效固碳的小球藻突变体，并利用烟气高浓度CO2对小球藻进行梯度驯化，通过调控代谢通路和优化生长条件提高了生长固碳速率，使小球藻的生物质产量由1.1g/L显著提高到5.4g/L。基因测序表明小球藻在高浓度15%CO2下碳酸酐酶几乎为零，CO2不再通过传统输运形式（CO2→HCO3-→CO2）穿过细胞壁，而是在高浓度渗透压下直接进入细胞内部供给光合作用；同时控速光合作用的Rubisco酶活性显著提高，催化光合作用有力促进了固定CO2反应。本项目采用紫外光辅助双氧水将烟气污染物中NO污染物变害为宝，氧化为NO3-为微藻固定CO2补充氮源提高了微藻生长固碳速率。分析了烟气粉尘及重金属对微藻生长过程的影响机理，发现微藻吸附重金属后导致外表面粗糙度增大，外表面积由0.10增大到0.92-1.98 m2/g，但是内孔表面积由0.44减小到0.18m2/g。开发了闪光式跑道池和平板光合养藻反应器，优化反应器结构和藻液流动条件强化了闪光效应，增设扰流件使传质系数提高4.7%并且混合时间下降30.2%，优化曝气器减少气泡生成时间使微藻生长固碳速率提高了29%。基于以上研究成果，本项目已发表22篇SCI和EI期刊论文，其中SCI论文21篇、EI论文1篇，申请公开发明专利4项，培养博士研究生6名(其中3名已毕业)和硕士研究生4名(其中3名已毕业)，参加国际学术会议5次(其中国外5次)。
成果综合统计
期刊论文
会议论文
专利
获奖
著作
期刊论文
Combination of dark- and photo-fermentation to improve hydrogen production from Arthrospira platensi
Enhancing enzymatic saccharification of water hyacinth through microwave heating with dilute acid pr
Promotion of H2 production by microwave-assisted treatment of water hyacinth with dilute H2SO4 throu
Improvement of the energy conversion efficiency of Chlorella pyrenoidosa biomass by a three-stage pr
Microstructures and functional groups of Nannochloropsis sp. cells with arsenic adsorption and lipid
Photoelectrocatalytic reduction of CO2 into chemicals using Pt-modified reduced graphene oxide combi
Enhancing the lipid content of the diatom Nitzschia sp. by 60Co-γ irradiation mutation and high-sali
Optimizing catalysis conditions to decrease aromatic hydrocarbons and increase alkanes for improving
Dynamic microstructures and fractal characterization of cell wall disruption for microwave irradiati
Sequential generation of hydrogen and methane from glutamic acid through combined photo-fermentation
Improving CO2 fixation with microalgae by bubble breakage in raceway ponds with up–down chute baffle
Enhancing the growth rate and astaxanthin yield of Haematococcus pluvialis by nuclear irradiation an
Effects of changes in microbial community on the fermentative production of hydrogen and soluble met
Biodiesel production from lipids in wet microalgae with microwave irradiation and bio-crude producti
Sequential generation of fermentative hydrogen and methane from swine manure with physicochemical ch
Transcriptome and Gene Expression Analysis of an Oleaginous Diatom Under Different Salinity Conditio
Growth optimisation of microalga mutant at high CO(2) concentration to purify undiluted anaerobic di
Improving CO2 fixation efficiency by optimizing Chlorella PY-ZU1 culture conditions in sequential bi
Simultaneous enhancement of microalgae biomass growth and lipid accumulation under continuous aerati
Improving growth rate of microalgae in a 1191 m(2) raceway pond to fix CO2 from flue gas in a coal-f
Gene expression and metabolic pathways related to cell growth and lipid synthesis in diatom Nitzschi
The oxidation product (NO3-) of NO pollutant in flue gas used as a nitrogen source to improve microa
Biodiesel from wet microalgae: extraction with hexane after the microwave-assisted transesterificati
Combination of hydrogen fermentation and methanogenesis to enhance energy conversion efficiency from
Comparison between heterofermentation and autofermentation in hydrogen production from Arthrospira (
Fractal microstructure characterization of wet microalgal cells disrupted with ultrasonic cavitation
Producing ethanol from water hyacinth through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation with ac
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