中文摘要：

不合理的运动方式经常会引起骨骼肌损伤，骨骼肌损伤后，成体生肌性干细胞（主要是卫星细胞）被激活，进而增殖分化，与原来肌纤维融合完成修复过程。miRNAs是一种在后转录水平调节基因表达的非编码RNAs，在骨骼肌损伤与修复过程中主要通过靶向抑制一些转录因子、转录激活途径关键酶、细胞通讯连接重要蛋白以及各种信号通路中关键蛋白的翻译而发挥调控作用。为了更好地了解miRNAs在骨骼肌损伤修复过程中的作用，本文通过对miRNAs在骨骼肌损伤与修复过程中卫星细胞不同生物学状态以及信号通路等方面的作用和研究现状做一综述。

英文摘要：

The injury can be usually induced by the unreasonable exercise in the skeletal muscle whose injury activates adult myogenic stem cells, known as satellite cells, to initiate proliferation and differentiation to regenerate new muscle fibers, miRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs those regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. The regulation role of miRNAs was shown by target inhibiting the translation process of multiple transcription factors, the key enzyme of the transcriptional activating pathway, the important protein in the gap injunction channels and the crucial factors in the related signalings during the muscle injury and regeneration. In order to learn more clearly about the role of miRNAs during the injury and regeneration of the skeletal muscle, this study reviews the research background about the role of miRNAs in different biology states of satellite cells and related signalings during the muscle injury and regeneration.