中文摘要：

目的分析比较1990与2013年中国各省归因于室内空气污染的疾病负担。方法利用2013年全球疾病负担研究（GBD2013）中国研究数据，计算人群归因分值，分析2013年中国（不包括中国香港、澳门、台湾）室内空气污染导致各类疾病的疾病负担，比较1990与2013年中国各省室内空气污染导致的PAF、死亡例数、伤残调整寿命年（DALY）以及死亡率和DALY率，同时比较了1990与2013年中国各年龄组的人群归因疾病负担。以2000-2025年世界平均人口结构为标准，对死亡率和DALY率进行标化。结果2013年，我国5岁以下儿童下呼吸道感染中有14．9％是由室内空气污染造成的。32．5％的慢性阻塞性肺部疾病（COPD）、12．0％的缺血性卒中、14．2％的出血性卒中、10．9％的缺血性心脏病和13．7％的肺癌归因于室内空气污染。2013年，室内空气污染导致的死亡为80．7万例，其中COPD为29．6万例，出血性卒中16．9万例，缺血性心脏病15．2万例，缺血性卒中8．8万例，肺癌7．5万例，5岁以下儿童下呼吸道感染2．8万例。与1990年（158．8／10万）相比，2013年（64．6／10万）中国归因于室内空气污染的标化死亡率下降59_3％，所有省份的归因于室内空气污染的标化死亡率均有下降，上海的下降幅度最大（96.3％），新疆的下降幅度最小（39．9％）。2013年我国归因于室内空气污染的标化DALY率最高的省份为贵州（2233．0／10万），最低的为上海（27．0／10万）。2013年70岁以上年龄组的DALY率最高（7006．0／10万），与1990年相比，不同年龄组归因于室内空气污染的死亡率和DALY率均出现明显下降，下降幅度最大的为5岁以下年龄组（分别下降91．9％和91．8％）。结论与1990年相比，2013年我国室内空气污染导致的疾病负担明显下降，但在部分西部省份，室内空气污染仍然造成较大的死亡和DALY损失。

英文摘要：

Objective To assess the disease burden attributable to household air pollution in 1990 and 2013 in China. Methods Based on data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 in China （GBD 2013）, we used population attributable fractions （PAF） to analyze the burden of different diseases attributable to solid-fuel household pollution in 2013 in China（not inelnding HongKang, Macao, Taiwan）. We compared PAF, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years （DALY） for diseases attributable to solid-fuel household pollution in 31 provinces in mainland China in 1990 and 2013, and stratified the burden by age group. The estimated world average population during 2000-2025 was used to calculate age-standardized mortality and DALY rates. Results In 2013, 14.9% of lower respiratory infections in children 〈5, 32.5% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）, 12.0% of ischemic stroke, 14.2% of hemorrhagic stroke, 10.9% of ischemic heart disease, and 13.7% of lung cancer were attributable to solid-fuel household pollution. In addition, 807 000 deaths were attributable to solid-fuel household pollution, including 296 000 from COPD, 169 000 from hemorrhagic stroke, 152 000 from ischemic heart disease, 88 000 from ischemic stroke, 75 000 from lung cancer, and 28 000 from lower respiratory infections in children 〈5. The age-standardized mortality rate from solid-fuel household pollution decreased by 59.3% from 158.8/100 000 in 1990 to 64.6/100 000 in 2013. The age-standardized mortality rate from solid-fuel household pollution decreased in all 31 provinces, with the highest decline observed in Shanghai （96.3%）, and lowest in Xinjiang （39.9%）. In 2013, the age-standardized DALY rate from solid-fuel household pollution was highest in Guizhou （2 233.0/100 000） and lowest in Shanghai （27.0/100 000）. The DALY rate was the highest for the 〉70 age group （7 006.0/100 000）. Compared with 1990, the 2013 mortality rate and DALY rate from solid-fuel household pollution decreased in all age groups,