中文摘要：

樱花为世界著名的早春观赏花木之一，品种繁多、来源复杂，造成了樱花品种在分类、鉴定上的困难。为探讨ISSR分子标记方法在樱花品种分类上应用的可行性，对引自Et本的39个樱花品种进行ISSR亲缘关系分析。选用14条扩增带型清晰且重复性好的引物共获得109条谱带，其中102条呈多态性，多态性比例（PPB）为93．58％，表明樱花品种遗传多样性较高。39个樱花品种的Nei’s遗传相似性系数介于0．493～0．942，平均值为0．727，表明品种问亲缘关系较近。根据Nei’s遗传相似性系数在0．697处，UPGMA聚类结果显示39个品种分为两个类群，在0．738处可进一步分为4个亚类群，聚类结果较好地支持了川崎哲也的樱花7组分类标准，也表明ISSR分子标记方法适用于樱花品种的分类。聚类结果还表明樱花的花序、花型和花色也可作为品种分类的重要指标。

英文摘要：

Cerasus trees are famous ornamental plants in the world with a large number of cultivars, but the origin of most Cerasus cuhivars are poorly known, resulting in some difficulties in cultivars classification. We analyzed the genetic relationships among 39 cultivars of Cerasus by inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） molecular-marked technique, and screened 14 ISSR primers to assess the genomes of 39 cuhivars of Cerasus. The result showed that a total of 109 DNA bands were amplified and 102 of which（93.58% ） were polymorphic. The Nei＇ s genetic similarities of 39 cuhivars ranged from 0. 493 to 0. 942 with the average of 0.727, suggesting that the genetic similarities among the 39 cuhivars were relatively close. According to the Nei ＇ s genetic similarity of 0. 697, by UPGMA method cluster analysis, 39 cultivarss were classified into 2 cluster groups, and the group Ⅱ were classified into 4 subcluster groups with the genetic similarity of 0.738. The result not only supported the classification method of Kawasaki Tetsuya which classified Cerasus cuhivars into 7 groups according their origin, but also showed that ISSR technique was applied to classify Cerasus cuhivars. From cluster results, flower inflorescence, form and colour were important indicators for Cerasus cultivars classification.