中文摘要：

在概念性分布式水文模型中，张力水蓄水容量的空间分布的确定是个难题。而对于传统的新安江模型来说，流域平均张力水蓄水容量作为模型中的一个参数起到重要的作用。本文在考虑到新安江模型中的包气带厚度和TOPMODEL模型中计算网格的缺水厚度有着相似的定义的基础上，以TOPMODEL模型中地下水水面深度的相关原理为基础，建立流域网格单元蓄水容量与包气带厚度间的关系求出张力水蓄水容量的空间分布，进而构建一个以自然子流域为计算单元的分布式水文模拟系统。在广东西江流域中的新兴江小流域的应用结果表明，所用方法得到了理想的模拟结果。与传统的参数率定方法相比，该方法以物理规律为基础能较为准确的计算出特定空间尺度下的张力水蓄水容量，为分布式新安江模型的建立奠定了坚实的基础。

英文摘要：

In the traditional concept of distributed hydrological models, calculation of the spatial distribution of grid soil capacity has always been a difficult problem. The value of average storage capacity acting as a key parameter has been considered in the traditional Xinanjiang model. Due to the fact that both Xinanjiang model and topography-based hydrological model （TOPMODEL） use similar theories in their definitions of soil moisture deficit, in this paper the relation between grid storage capacity and the maximum thickness of unsaturated zone is established by the relevant theory in the TOPMODEL, then a distributed hydrological simulation system based on natural sub-catchment is obtained. Application of this system to the Xinanjiang catchment in Guangdong Province shows that its method is effective. Relative to traditional parameter calibration, this method, based on the laws of physics, can calculate soil storage capacity at specific spatial scales with higher accuracy. Thus, it lays a basis for establishment of a distributed Xinanjiang model.