中文摘要：

每年因误食毒蘑菇导致中毒死亡事件在世界各国都有发生,也是我国食物中毒事件中导致死亡的重要因素之一.鹅膏菌属中某些种类含有的肽类毒素是主要的致死原因,快速而有效地检测样品（包括有毒蘑菇子实体、食物剩余物、呕吐物、中毒患者血液和尿液等）中的毒素对于食物中毒的毒源鉴定和中毒后的针对性治疗具有重要意义.本文从化学显色反应、生物化学法、物理法、色谱法等4个方面对鹅膏肽类毒素检测方法的历史和研究进展进行整理和总结,并对其在我国的应用加以讨论和展望.

英文摘要：

Fatal mushroom poisoning incidents occur annually all over the word and it is one of the important causes of human death due to food poisoning in China.The peptide toxins in some Amanita species are mainly responsible for the mortality.Rapid and effective detection of toxins from samples of poisonous mushroom,food residue,vomit,blood and urine has important significance for the identification of toxic sources and the development of targeted therapies.This paper reviews the historical development and present situation of detection methods for Amanita peptide toxins including chemical color reaction,biochemical,physical and chromatographic methods.The application and prospects of these detection methods in China are also discussed.