中文摘要：

城市公交价格系统是由公交出行者、运营者、管理者三个主体构成的多变量、多反馈、非线性的复杂系统,不同价格组合策略对利益主体的影响不同.由公交主体在系统中的作用将公交价格系统分为公交供给子系统、公交企业收益子系统、公交需求子系统三个子系统.采用系统动力学方法,建立了城市公交价格系统变量间的因果关系图和流图,以及公交价格系统动力学模型.通过提高或降低公交补贴标准、公交车辆供给、公交服务价格三个指标值,形成不同公交价格组合策略方案.在高、低两种经济发展水平背景下,以哈尔滨市公交企业为对象分五种情境对公交价格组合策略方案进行仿真,得出政府补贴、公交企业利润,以及乘车等待时间的变化趋势.选择社会福利和资金利用比指标,评价不同公交价格组合策略实施的效果.公交价格组合策略分析,为城市公交价格政策的制定和实施提供了参考依据.

英文摘要：

The price system of urban public transport is composed of travelers,operators and managers,which to be several nonlinear feedback loops with multiple variables.Each integrated price strategy has different influence to different body.The public price system is classified into three subsystems by three bodies： supplying,payoff,demand subsystem.This paper uses system dynamics to develop causality graph,flow graph,and model of public price system based on variables.The integrated strategies are the variations including increase or decline among subsidy from government,new bus owned by operators and price of public.Price scheme is simulated by five situations under high and low level of economic in Harbin.The results show the changing of the subsidies,the profit,and waiting time within predicted period.Selecting social welfare and the ratio of funds usage are to evaluate the influence of differently integrated price strategies.The researches into integrated price strategies have key meaning to make and implement policies of urban public transport.