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中文摘要：
利用黄河下游1999—2005年的实测水沙及断面资料，分析了近期下游（铁谢至利津河段）河床调整过程及特点，具体表现为：小浪底水库运行后，黄河下游河道出现持续冲刷。其中，游荡型河段的冲刷量占下游总冲刷量的77％，单位河长的冲刷量在高村以上河段最大，孙口以下河段次之，高村至孙口河段最小；各河段主槽横断面形态调整均表现为向窄深方向发展；河床在冲刷过程中，主槽纵比降变化不大，其纵剖面形态自1855年以来均为下凹曲线，其凹度值随河床冲刷而略有增大；汛期深泓摆动幅度在游荡段最大，在弯曲段较小；随河床冲刷，下游平滩流量增加，但断面平滩流量与河段平滩流量的增加程度不同；因床沙显著粗化，不同河型河段的河床纵向稳定程度随冲刷均增加，而河床横向稳定程度在游荡段变化不大，在过渡段及弯曲段有所增加。
英文摘要：
Continuous channel degradation has occurred recently in the Lower Yellow River （LYR） due to water impoundment of the Xiaolangdi reservoir. In this paper, the observed hydrological data from 1999 to 2005 are used to analyze the processes and characteristics of the recent channel adjustment in the LYR. The main research results can be described as follows. The scour amount in the braided reach makes up 77 % of the total one in the LYR, and the scour magnitude per unit channel length in the braided reach upstream of Gaocun is relatively large, while the value in the reach between Gaocun and Sunkou is lowest among all the lower reaches. The cross-sectional profiles adjustment in the lower reaches is characterized by the channel narrowing. Since 1855 the longitudinal main-channel profiles in the LYR are concave-shape curves, and concavity values of these profiles increased slightly with the recent channel degradation. The migration amplitude of the thalweg in the braided reach is greater than that in the meandering reach. The bankfull discharges in the lower reaches increases due to the scouting in the main channel. Due to the obvious armoring of bed material, the longitudinal coefficients of channel stability increases slightly in the different reaches. The lateral channel stability almost does not change in the braided reach, and increases slightly in the transitional or meandering reach.
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