中文摘要：

提出一种新的适用于永磁体三维磁场的计算方法。将没有自由电流的永磁体产生的磁场视为有源无旋场,其源为磁化强度的散度。类比于电场设定磁荷与标量磁位,从而简化场量的计算。以环形Halbach永磁阵列为算例,用VC＋＋开发的程序可以快速得出三维磁场解。与ANSYS仿真数据对比表明,该方法正确且计算精度与有限元方法相同。

英文摘要：

A new method for calculating the 3D magnetic field of permanent magnets was proposed.The magnetization intensity of magnets was regarded as the sources of the field for having no free current in the imaginary irrotational field.Thus the magnetic charge and scalar potential were proposed to simplify the calculation of flux density.Practical calculation results of a circular Halbach PM array,compared with ANSYS simulation results,indicate that the method is correct and accurate.