中文摘要：

神经干细胞具有多向分化潜能和自我更新能力,广泛分布于哺乳动物胚胎脑内,在成年脑内室管膜下区、颗粒细胞下层及胼胝体下区等区域也有神经干细胞的聚集分布。神经干细胞在一定条件的刺激下可生成神经元、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞,从而修复受损神经组织,对神经系统起到保护作用。神经干细胞所处微环境改变或调节增殖与分化功能的基因突变,都会引起神经干细胞衰老死亡,这将使神经干细胞无法发挥正常的神经保护与修复作用。延缓抑制神经干细胞衰老将对治疗神经退行性疾病和神经损伤起到重要作用。

英文摘要：

Neural stem cells are endowed with the capacity of multipotentiality and self-renewing,and distribute ubiquitously in mammalian fetal brains.In the brains of adult mammals,neural stem cells aggregate in particular zones,i.e.subventricular zone,subgranular zone,subcallosal zone,and etc.Under specific stimulus,neural stem cells could differentiate into neurons,astrocytes,and oligodentrocytes.In this way,they can repair the damaged neural tissues.Any change in the microenvironment or mutation in gene controlled proliferation and differentiation could lead to senescence and even death of neural stem cells,which in turn stop them playing normal neural protection and repair function.Thus,slowing down the senescence process of neural stem cells could be of great significance in targeting neural degenerative diseases and neural impairments.