中文摘要：

大气压液体电极放电是近年来兴起的一种产生大气压等离子体的新方法，此方法因为结构简单、成本低廉、操作方便等优点而具有广泛的应用前景。为此，采用水平面为放电阴极、金属棒为放电阳极，产生了大气压辉光放电等离子体；试验测量了放电等离子体的伏安特性，表明放电发生在反常辉光放电模式，在40～100mA范围内，随着放电电流的增加，放电越来越强烈；分析了阴极尺寸对放电伏安特性的影响，发现较小的阴极表面积需要更高的放电电压，并且微分电阻更大，对比了阳极直径对放电伏安特性的影响，发现较小的阳极直径需要更高的放电电压但是放电更加稳定；讨论了溶液pH值对放电等离子体阴极位降的影响，结果显示，降低溶液的pH值能够有效降低等离子体的阴极位降；试验研究了溶液pH值随放电时间的变化，研究结果表明，随着放电时间的增加，液体阴极的pH值降低，说明放电后溶液中有酸性物质产生。该研究成果对液体阴极放电等离子体的机理研究具有一定的指导意义。

英文摘要：

Using water as the cathode, and a metal rod as the anode, we set up an atmospheric pressure direct-current water-cathode glow discharge apparatus, and measured the volt-ampere characteristics of water cathode discharge at several gap distances, showing that abnormal glow discharge appeared. The discharge potential remark- ably increased with current from 40 mA to 100 mA. The influence of cathode surface size on the volt-ampere characteristics of discharge was analyzed. The experimental results show that, capillary cathode discharge needs higher discharge voltage, and has higher differential resistance. The effect of anode diameters and solution pH on plasma is discussed. The results show that, discharge of the shorter diameter of metal rod is more stable and the increase of solution pH leaded to the decrease of cathode fall. The pH of solution after discharge is also investigated, and the results show that the pH of solution is obviously reduced after discharge, implying acidic components are produced in the solution.