中文摘要：

通过静态吸附实验,考察了铀溶液初始pH、初始浓度以及吸附时间、吸附剂粒度、温度对茶渣吸附U（Ⅵ）的影响,分析了吸附过程的动力学行为及等温吸附特性,并通过红外光谱和扫描电镜探讨了吸附机理。结果表明：pH对茶渣吸附U（Ⅵ）的影响较大,pH为2和6时吸附量分别为13.90、43.19mg.g-1。茶渣吸附U（Ⅵ）的过程较慢,吸附过程需要12h才能达到平衡。吸附过程的准二级动力学方程的拟合效果优于准一级动力学方程。吸附量随铀溶液浓度的增加而增大,而吸附率则相反。铀溶液初始浓度为10～100mg.L-1,相应的吸附量为9.40～70.05mg.g-1,吸附率为94.04%～70.05%。茶渣吸附U（Ⅵ）的动力学行为更符合准二级动力学方程,等温吸附数据对Freundlich方程的拟合度较高。茶渣粒度及温度对茶渣吸附U（Ⅵ）的影响不大。茶渣吸附U（Ⅵ）的过程中,起主要作用的基团有羟基、羰基、硝基、P—O、Si—O。

英文摘要：

The effect of pH,uranium concentration,contact time,particle size of tea waste and temperature on U（Ⅵ）adsorption by tea waste from aqueous solutions was studied by static adsorption experiments.The kinetic and thermodynamic characteristics of the adsorption process were analyzed,and the adsorption mechanisms were also discussed using data from SEM and FT-IR measurement.The results show that the pH affects greatly adsorption of U（Ⅵ）on tea waste,and U（Ⅵ）amount of adsorption were 13.90 and 43.19 mg·g-1 at pH 2 and 6,respectively.This adsorption process is slow,and it takes 12 h for adsorption equilibrium.The adsorption kinetics follows pseudo-second order equations rather than pseudo-first order.The amount of adsorption increases but the uranium recoveries decrease with the increasing initial uranium concentration.For example,uranium concentration increases from 10 to 100 mg·L-1,the U（Ⅵ）adsorption amount goes up from 9.40 to 70.05 mg·g-1,but uranium recoveries decrease from 94.04% to 70.05%.The adsorption equilibrium data fitted Freundlich isotherm better.The —OH,CO,—NO3,P—O,Si—O groups on the surface of tea waste are responsible for adsorption of U（Ⅵ）.