中文摘要：

为了考察非球形颗粒的分离特征,采用对比试验的方法,以非球形的硅微粉和球形的粉煤灰为介质,测量其分离特性。结果表明：对于这两种颗粒,分离效率均随入口气速增加先升高后下降,压降随入口气速的增加持续上升,且分离效率和压降均随温度升高而降低;尽管硅微粉的密度更大、颗粒偏粗,但在相同条件下,其分离效率却比更轻、更细的粉煤灰的低,且压降也更低,原因在于硅微粉所形成的灰层在器壁上＂滑动＂困难,器壁摩擦损失较大,会削弱旋流强度,导致离心分离能力下降,加上非球形颗粒在离心沉降过程中的绕流阻力更大,故分离效率变得更低。对于压降,虽然器壁摩擦损失增大会导致压降升高,但旋流强度的减弱又使旋转动能耗散减少,压降降低,综合结果是分离硅微粉时压降比分离粉煤灰时的低。

英文摘要：

A comparative experiment was conducted to investigate the cyclone performance for non-spherical particles. The silica powder （non-spherical） and coal fines （spherical） were selected as the test media. The silica powder particles are slightly bigger and heavier than the coal fines. The results show that the separation efficiencies for both particles rise firstly and then drop with the increase of inlet velocity, while their pressure drops increase continuously. Moreover, the efficiencies for both particles decrease with the increase of gas temperature. However, the separation efficiency of silica powder is unexpectedly lower than that of coal fines, and the pressure drop is also less. The reasons lie in the difference of particle drag force and friction between the cyclone wall and the so-called ＇ dust layer＇ formed by near-wall particles. For the silica powder, the friction between its dust layer and cyclone wall becomes greater because the dust layer moves more difficultly on the cyclone wall. Therefore, the gas rotation is hindered more greatly, the centrifugal force field becomes weaker and the separation efficiency becomes lower. Besides, the drag force on a non-spherical particle is usually larger, which further undermines its separation. As for the pressure drop, although a greater friction on the wall will lead to a higher pressure drop, a weaker swirl flow caused by the greater friction means a much less dissipation loss of gas dynamic energy in the outlet pipe. The overall effect is that the pressure drop for silica powder becomes lower than for coal fines.