中文摘要：

脱氧核糖核酸酶Ⅰ（DNaseⅠ）是一种特异性的DNA水解酶，参与了机体调节的许多过程。以前它被认为是一种消化酶，最近发现它在哺乳动物的其他组织中也具有较高的核酸酶活性，并具有其他的功能，其临床应用可能具有更高的研究价值。本文综述了DNaseⅠ在疾病诊断、治疗等方面的应用及其最新进展。

英文摘要：

DeoxyribonucleaseⅠ （DNase Ⅰ ）, a specific DNA hydrolase, participates in many different biological processes. DNase Ⅰis a kind of digestive enzyme, but recent studies suggest that DNase Ⅰ may have other functions besides the high DNA hydrolase activity in many other mammalian tissues. Its further studies may be worthy of clinical application. This review primarily summarized the recent progress on the applications of DNase Ⅰ in the clinical diagnosis and treatment.