中文摘要：

以褐煤和褐煤基无灰煤为原料，采用KOH直接活化法制备了高比表面积活性炭，对比了褐煤基活性炭和无灰煤基活性炭的灰分含量，比表面积，孔径结构及电化学性能。结果表明，褐煤和无灰煤在相同制备条件下可分别获得灰分为5．61％和0．49％的高比表面活性炭，将两种活性炭用于以3mol／LKOH为电解液的双电层电容器中，单电极质量比电容分别为182．40和337．38F／g。对比发现，对原料脱灰，可从根本上降低活性炭灰分，改变活性炭孔径结构。无灰煤基活性炭比褐煤基活性炭更适用于双电层电容器的电极材料，其充放电性能、倍率特性均优于褐煤基活性炭。

英文摘要：

High specific surface area activated carbons were prepared from lignite and hypercoal by KOH direct activation methods. Ash content, specific surface area, pore structure and the electrochemical properties of the lignite-activated carbon and hypereoal-activated carbon were investigated in this paper. The results showed that the ash content of the activated carbons prepared from lignite and hypercoal was 5.61%and 0.49%, respectively. And their specific capacitance reached 182.40 and 337.38 F/g of the electric double layer capacitor （EDLC） in 3 mol/L KOH electrolyte. The results demonstrated that removing the ash from raw material could radically reduce the ash content and change the pore structure of activated carbon. Hypercoal-activated carbon is better than lignite-activated carbon for EDLC. Its charge and discharge performance, ratio characteristics are superior to these of lignite-activated carbon.