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中文摘要：
采用直接起泡法，通过氮化硅颗粒稳定泡沫机制制备氮化硅泡沫陶瓷，研究了烧结温度、保温时间、烧结氮气压、烧结助剂（Al2O3＋Y2O3）添加量以及 Al2O3与 Y2O3质量比对氮化硅泡沫陶瓷中晶须生长的影响，分析了泡沫陶瓷的微观结构。结果表明：通过工艺条件的控制可得到由长柱状β-Si3N4晶粒构成的显微结构；当烧结温度为 1750 ℃、保温时间为 4 h、烧结气压为 0.9 MPa、烧结助剂添加量为 6% （质量分数）、Al2O3与 Y2O3质量比为 1：1 时，β-Si3N4晶粒的长径比达到 12 以上
英文摘要：
Si3N4 foam ceramics were prepared by a direct foaming method based on the particle-stabilized foam mechanism. The influences of sintering temperature, holding time, sintering gas pressure, addition amount of sintering additive（Al2O3＋Y2O3） and m（Al2O3）：m（Y2O3） on the whisker growth in Si3N4 foam ceramics were investigated. The microstructure of the sintered Si3N4 foam ceramics was also analyzed. The results show that the Si3N4 foam ceramics with an elongated rod-shaped β-Si3N4 microstructure are obtained via the control of the processes. The ratio of grain length to diameter of the elongated rod-shaped β-Si3N4 grains was greater than 12 when Si3N4 foam ceramics were sintered at the sintering additive of 6% （in mass）, m（Al2O3）：m（Y2O3） of 1：1, a nitrogen pres- sure of 0.9MPa and 1 750 ℃ for 4h.
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