中文摘要：

长期以来冠状动脉微循环病变因难以精确评估且易被忽视。最新的冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（冠心病）防治指南首次将微循环功能异常纳入管理，冠状动脉微循环再次进入人们的研究视野。冠状动脉微循环病变发病机制尚不清楚，诊断并未标准化。通过总结最新冠状动脉微循环病变的病理分型，对比各项侵入性（介入）或非侵入性（超声、核磁、核素显像）评估手段，间接了解发病机制，探讨最优临床决策，为临床诊疗提供参考。

英文摘要：

For a long time coronary microcireulation lesion due to difficult assessment can be easily overlooked. The latest coronary heart disease prevention and treatment guidelines include the microcirculation dysfunction for the first time, which put it into the study field again. The pathogenesis of coronary microcircu- lation is not clear,and the diagnosis is not standardized. Here is to summarize the latest pathological classification of the coronary microcireulation dysfunction, compare the invasive assessment methods （intervention） and non-invasive methods （ultrasound, uclear magnetic, radionuclide imaging）, so as to help to learn its pathogenesis indirectly, discuss the optimal clinical decisions and provide referenee for the clinical diagnosis and treatment.