中文摘要：

生物大分子的功能受细胞氧化还原环境影响和调控,细胞内氧化还原平衡的维持对于细胞的正常生长至关重要,与多种生理和病理过程密切相关。现将细胞内氧化还原平衡体系、氧化还原调控的主要信号通路及生物学过程、活性氧及活性氮通过蛋白质巯基修饰发挥生物学功能的分子机制,尤其是巯基亚硝基化修饰机制,以及还原应激效应的最新研究予以综述。

英文摘要：

Biomacromolecules are regulated by cellular redox status. Redox homeostasis is very important for normal cellular maintenance and normal physiological functions. In this review, we will introduce cellular redox regulation system, redox-regulated signal transduction pathways and processes, the crosstalk between reactive oxygen/nitrogen species（ROS/RNS） and protein through thiol modification, particularly S-nitrosation（S-nitrosylation）, and the effect of reductive stress.