中文摘要：

目的通过扩散张量成像（DTI）比较视神经脊髓炎和多发性硬化患者与正常对照者常规MRI表现正常脊髓的扩散性差异,并探讨其临床应用价值。方法采用平面回波成像技术对10例视神经脊髓炎、14例多发性硬化患者和13例正常对照者进行颈髓DTI检查,分别测量颈椎C2-5水平前索、侧索、后索和灰质兴趣区的部分各向异性（FA）和平均扩散率（MD）。结果与正常对照组相比,视神经脊髓炎组患者前索、侧索、后索FA值降低（均P〈0.05）,左侧侧索、后索、灰质MD值升高（均P≤0.05）;多发性硬化组患者右侧侧索、后索FA值降低（均P〈0.05）。与多发性硬化患者相比,视神经脊髓炎患者侧索FA值更低,左侧侧索和右侧后索MD值更高（均P〈0.05）。结论 DTI可以检出视神经脊髓炎和多发性硬化患者常规MRI表现正常脊髓的水分子扩散异常,进而发现二者脊髓扩散指标的差异性,为早期诊断与鉴别诊断提供重要信息。

英文摘要：

Objective To assess the diffusion changes of normal appearing spinal cord（NASC） inMRI examination in patients with neuromyelitis optica（NMO） and multiple sclerosis（MS）.Methods Axial diffusion tensor imaging（DTI） of cervical cord was performed in 10 patients with NMO, 14 patientswith MS and 13 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Mean diffusivity（MD） and fractional anisotropy（FA） were measured in the C2-5level of spinal cord. Regions of interest（ROIs） were placed in the anterior,lateral, posterior funiculi of spinal cord, and the central gray matter of spinal cord.ResultsComparedwith healthy controls, the values of FA in anterior, lateral and posterior funiculi of spinal cord weresignificantly decreased（P〈0.05, for all） and MD in left lateral funiculus, posterior funiculus and graymatter were significantly increased（P ≤ 0.05, for all） in NMO group, and the FA values of right lateral andposterior funiculi in MS group were significantly decreased（P〈0.05, for all）. Compared with MS group, FAvalue in patients with NMO was significantly decreased in lateral funiculus, and MD value in left lateraland right posterior funiculi were significantly increased（P〈0.05, for all）.ConclusionsNASC diffusionabnormalities were found both in patients with NMO and MS. The difference of DTI indicators betweenNMO and MS patients may offer important information in the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis ofNMO and MS.