中文摘要：

1材料与方法 1．1材料 供试水稻种子全部来自于云南省农业科学院种质资源保存库，是否为香稻品种均依据保存目录的性状记载、并采用咀嚼法对其进行再次验证。其中香稻10份，非香稻45份（表见第57页Table 1：品种及其来源）。供试所有香稻和非香稻品种均具有不同的云南省种质资源保存库编号。特别是10份香稻品种，来自于云南的5个相距较远的地方，在云南栽培香稻中具有一定代表性。

英文摘要：

[ Objective] The genetic diversity of the local cultivated aromatic rice and non-aromatic rice in Yunnan Province were compared to provide further genetic resources for breeding practice. [Method] Genetic diversity of 10 aromatic rice and 45 non-aromatic rice were analyzed by 64 SSR primers covered on 12 rice chromosomes. [ Result] Per locus 5.44 and 7.98 alleles in average were detected, ranging from 2 to 12 and from 2 to 17 in aromatic and non-aromatic rice, respectively. Average genetic multiplicity index（Hs） was 0.46 and 0.67 respectively. The average polymorphism information content （PIC） was 0.43 and 0.58 in aromatic and non-aromatic rice respectively. [ Conclusion] The results indicated that genetic diversity was higher in non-aromatic rice than in aromatic rice.