中文摘要：

为了克服传统比例电磁铁需要两个线圈来实现双向移动的缺点，提出一种新型的双向比例电磁铁，单个线圈就可以实现双向运动，利用线圈产生的磁场与永磁体产生的极化磁场相互作用产生电磁力；从其的工作原理出发，对该电磁铁的磁路进行分析，建立数学模型，采用MAXWELL有限元仿真，得到力一位移特性，并且讨论结构参数变化对电磁铁性能产生的影响，仿真结果表明合理调节导套的角度可使电磁铁达到比例特性，最后利用仿真参数结果得到优化尺寸和静态特性。

英文摘要：

In order to overcome the weakness of needing two coils to get bidirectional move, this paper proposes a new bidirectional proportional electromagnet, in which one coil can achieve bidirectional move, and the magnetic field generated by the interaction between the coil and the permanent magnet prorides a polarization field for producing the electromagnetic force. This paper begins with its working principle, and then analyzes the magnetic circuit of the electromagnet, establishes the mathematical model, uses the MAXWELL finite element simulation for getting the force - displacement characteristic. The influence of structure parameters on the performance of the electromagnet is discussed. Finally the simulation result suggests that the rational adjusting the guide sleeve angle can obtain the proportionality of the electromagnet, and both the optimal dimension and the optimal static characteristic can be got with the result of the simulated parameters.