中文摘要：

对高速开关阀的结构参数进行优化设计,以提高其动态响应性能。主要从伺服螺旋机构导控面积的增大、旋转电磁铁转动惯量的降低和将传动机构设计成变传动比3方面进行结构优化和改进。提出斜槽型的阀芯结构以增大伺服螺旋导控级的面积梯度;为降低旋转电磁铁的转动惯量,提高其动态响应,引入6片26°均布结构的旋转电磁铁;为提高力矩输出,改善初始阶段的快速性,提出了变传动比的传动机构,并给出变传动比曲线和力矩变化曲线。在分析其工作原理和过程后建立旋转电磁铁、传动机构和伺服螺旋导控机构的数学模型;并在Matlab平台进行仿真分析,研究表明,结构优化后的开关阀幅频特性曲线在-3 d B下频率为240 Hz左右;最后建立2D高速开关阀的实验装置,通过满量程阶跃响应和零位泄漏率对仿真结果进行实验研究。在工作压力14、21 MPa下,阶跃响应时间分别为8.9、8.0 ms,零位泄漏分别为4.7、5.6 L/min。

英文摘要：

In order to improve the dynamic response and characteristics of the high-speed on-off valve, structure parameters optimization was carried out in three different aspects： enlarging the pilot area of servo spiral mechanism, reducing the moment of inertia of the electro mechanical converter and using the variable ratio for the transmission device to increase the input torque of valve. Based on the analysis of the work principle in servo spiral mechanism, the new type of spool with slope groove was proposed. The bigger pilot area gradient and better response can be gotten while spool rotates were compared with round pilot hole in spool. The six pieces of structure with 26~ angle, which located evenly in axial direction, were designed to lower the moment of inertia compared with the original three pieces with 52~.. The variable ratio in transmission device was presented, which made the spool have more moment to reduce the chance of valve stucking at the beginning of valve opening. Curve of ration and moment with variable ratio were given to prove it. After that, mathematical model of the system was built to describe the working process. And the simulation was done in Matlab to get the logarithm amplitude versus frequency characteristic curve. The frequency was 240 Hz while the logarithm amplitude was -3 dB in curve and the better dynamic performance can be gotten with bigger pilot area gradient in spool. Finally, the experimental device was built to validate the theory analysis. The step response time with full scale was 8 ms under 21 MPa,and the leakage rate was 5.6 L/min. The valve with the new structure worked better compared with 18 ms under 28 MPa in original valve.