中文摘要：

在水工混凝土坝温控过程中,以温度计实测温度表征混凝土浇筑仓的平均温度,则可方便准确地监控混凝土浇筑仓的温度。结合1.0 m×1.0 m,1.5 m×1.5 m,1.0 m×1.5 m,2.0 m×1.5 m四种典型水管间距的混凝土棱柱体模型,首先采用水管冷却有限元法进行温度场仿真计算,接着选取含冷却水管混凝土模型典型截面,并通过引入四边形12节点等参单元来简化获取截面内任意点温度,然后建立温度计位置优选模型,最后采用优化算法求解获得最优的温度计几何位置。算例分析表明,在混凝土浇筑仓内存在多个位置的温度历程与浇筑仓平均温度历程接近,1.0 m×1.5 m截面的温度计位置分布近似为线性分布,其他截面为抛物线分布。在这些位置处埋设温度计,所测温度可较好地表征浇筑仓的平均温度,供温度监控参考。

英文摘要：

In the temperature control process of a concrete dam,the measured temperature of the thermometers should represent the average temperature of the concrete pouring warehouse so as to monitor the ware house accurately. In this study,the concrete prism model with four kinds of typical water pipe spacings including 1. 0 m×1. 0 m,1. 5 m × 1. 5 m,1. 0 m × 1. 5 m and 2. 0 m × 1. 5 m sections is proposed. First,the temperature field and average temperature process of the concrete prism model with cooling water pipes are obtained by using the finite element method,selecting the typical section of concrete model with the cooling water pipe,and adopting a quadrilateral 12 node isoparametric element to simplify access to any point in the section temperature. Then the geometric position optimization model of the thermometer is established. Finally,an optimization algorithm is used to obtain the optimal geometric position of the thermometer. The analysis results show that the majority of the geometric positions of temperature are close to the average temperature process of the concrete pouring warehouse,the geometry position distribution of the thermometer for 1. 0 m×1. 5 m section is basically linear,while other sections are of parabolic distribution. If the thermometer is buried in such a geometric position,the measured temperature will be used to represent the average temperature of the warehouse and can be as a reference for temperature monitoring of the concrete dam.