中文摘要：

为了掌握国家Ⅱ级渐危植物新疆野核桃种群的现存状态、预测未来种群的发展趋势,在野核桃自然保护区4条沟谷的不同海拔分别设置样地进行大样本调查.以胸径级结构代表年龄结构,采用匀滑技术编制野核桃种群静态生命表,应用谱分析方法分析野核桃种群的波动周期.结果表明：野核桃种群的胸径级随着海拔的升高逐渐减小,海拔1241~1380 m（H1）为19个龄级,最大胸径91.7 cm,海拔1381~1490 m（H2）为18个龄级,最大胸径82.8cm,海拔1491~1670 m（H3）为13个龄级,最大胸径58.9 cm.不同海拔梯度生境同一龄级及同一海拔梯度不同龄级野核桃的期望寿命均存在波动.在3个海拔梯度生境,野核桃种群的存活曲线均趋于Deevey-Ⅱ型,呈增长型年龄结构,有3个死亡高峰,最高死亡率H1和H3均为9龄级,分别为55.9%和89.8%,H2为12龄级,最高死亡率为79.4%.种群的数量动态变化明显受野核桃种群整个生命周期生物学特征的基波影响,并具有大周期内多谐波迭加的小周期波动特征.野核桃为长寿命树种,是野核桃自然保护区植被的主要优势种,现时种群自然更新良好,若无强烈人为干扰或严重自然灾害,将在群落中长期保持优势种地位.

英文摘要：

Juglans cathayensis is an endangered plant species and listed as a class ]1 protected spe- cies of the national government of China. In order to grasp the current state of J. cathayensis popula- tions and predict the population dynamics in the future, a large-sample investigation was conducted in the sample plots along different altitude gradients in four valleys in J. cathayensis conservation area. According to the diameter at breast height （DBH） class of the trees, the age class structures of the populations were analyzed, and static life tables for J. cathayensis populations in different habitats along the altitude gradient was constructed by smoothing out technique, and comparative fluctuations cycles of the populations in different habitats were carried out by spectral analysis. The results showed that DBH decreased gradually with the increasing altitude. The population was com- posed of 19 age classes in the low-altitude habitat （ 1241 - 1380 m） with the maximum DBH of 91.7 cm, 18 age classes in the middle-altitude habitat （ 1381-1490 m） with the maximum DBH of 82.8 cm, and 13 age classes in the high-altitude habitat （1491-1670 m） with the maximum DBH of 58.9 cm. Life expectancies of J. cathayensis populations were fluctuant for the same age class at different altitudes and for different age classes at the same altitude. In the three altitude-different habitats, the survival curves of the populations trended toward Deevey-Ⅱ type and the age strnc-tures of the populations were expanding. The curves of mortality showed three peaks, and the mor- tality rates of 9 age classes at 1241-1380 m and 1491-1670 m above sea levels were the highest, being 55.9% and 89.8%, respectively, and the mortality rate of 12 age classes at 1381-1490 m above sea level was the highest （79.4%）. The population dynamics was significantly affected by the fundamental wave of biological characteristic throughout the life cycle of J. cathayensis population, and small cycles of multi-harmonic superposition with large c