中文摘要：

为了掌握新疆野核桃种群的波动周期、预测未来种群结构变化,在新疆野核桃自然保护区的阳坡和阴坡分别设置样地大样本调查,以径级结构代表年龄结构编制野核桃种群静态生命表,绘制其期望寿命图、年龄结构图、存活曲线和死亡率曲线,同时应用谱分析方法比较分析不同坡向生境野核桃种群的波动周期。结果表明：（1）野核桃种群不同坡向同一龄级和同一坡向不同龄级的期望寿命均存在波动,期望寿命在10龄级前为阳坡高于阴坡,10龄级后为阳坡低于阴坡。（2）阳坡和阴坡野核桃种群均为增长型年龄结构。（3）不同坡向生境野核桃种群的存活曲线均趋于Deevey-Ⅱ型,但阳坡种群各龄级的存活率均高于阴坡。（4）1龄级植株以高死亡率为代价发育为幼树;阳坡种群在其生活史中经历2个死亡高峰,最高峰在16龄级,阴坡种群经历4个死亡高峰,最高峰在9龄级。（5）谱分析表明,新疆野核桃种群的数量动态除受基波影响外,并表现明显的小周期波动,具有大周期内有小周期的多谐波迭加特征,且在11龄级的小周期波动与野核桃高生长特性有关,在17龄级的小周期波动可能与野核桃的生理特性有关。

英文摘要：

For grasping fluctuation cycle of Juglans cathayensis populations and forecasting change of the population structure,we conducted a large sample survey on sunny and shady slopes in valley of conservation area in Xinjiang,Using the diameter class structure representing the age structure,we drew up static life table,life expectancy chart,age structure plot,survival curve,and death rate curve chart of J.cathayensis populations.Also,we compared the fluctuation cycle of J.cathayensis populations on different slope aspects by using spectrum analysis method.The results showed that：（1）life expectancies of J.cathayensis populations were fluctuant,both on different slopes of the same age and the same slope of different ages.Life expectancy before 10th age class was higher on sunny slope than that of shady,but after 10th age class it was lower than that of shady slope.（2）J.cathayensis populations on different slope aspects showed increasing age structure.（3）Survival curve of J.cathayensis populations on different slope aspects tended to be Deevey-Ⅱ type,and the survival rate of each age class on sunny slope was higher than that on shady slope.（4）The 1st age plant developed into saplings at the cost of high mortality.The populations in sunny slope had two death peaks in their life history,with the highest peak in 16th age class.However,the shady populations had four death peaks,with the highest peak in 9th age class.（5）Spectrum analysis showed that the quantitative dynamics of J.cathayensis populations were influenced by fundamental wave and also showed obvious small periodic fluctuation,and they had characteristics of multi harmonic superposition that small periodic fluctuation in big one.In the meantime,the small periodic fluctuation of 11th age class was related to high growth characteristic of J.cathayensis,but it might be related to physiological property in 17th age class.