波动方程在笛卡尔坐标系、圆柱坐标系、椭圆柱坐标系及抛物线坐标系下可求得无衍射解,分别是余弦(Cos)光束、贝塞尔(Bessel)光束、马蒂厄(Mathieu)光束和抛物线(Parabolic)光束,它们组成了无衍射光束家族(又称亥姆霍兹光束).介绍这4种光束的具体表达式及光强分布图和自重建过程.最后,对4种无衍射光束进行比较,总结了无衍射光束的应用热点,并展望未来.
Non-diffraction solutions of wave equation can be obtained in Cartesian coordinates,cylindrical coordinates,elliptical cylindrical coordinates and parabolic coordinates,those are Cos(Cosine)beam,Bessel beam,Mathieu beam and Parabolic beam,and they make up the non-diffracting family(also known as Helmholtz beam).In this article,we introduce their specific expression,beam intensity distribution and self-reconstruction process.At last the four non-diffracting beam were compared to each other,and we sum up the hot applications of the diffraction-free beam and look to the future.