中文摘要：

文章使用2005—2012年全国各省份的旅游业相关数据作为样本,运用系统矩估计方法,实证分析了产业集聚对旅游业全要素生产率的影响,并探讨了产业集聚对全要素生产率的作用机理。结果表明：第一,我国旅游业的年均全要素生产率增长为8.4%,其中技术进步实现增长10.2%,但是技术效率退化了1.6%,表现在纯技术效率和规模效率的恶化。第二,旅游业产业集聚对各省旅游业的全要素生产率具有显著的正向影响,产业集聚程度较高的地区,旅游业的全要素生产率也较高。第三,旅游业产业集聚对旅游业的技术效率具有显著为正的影响,但是对旅游业的技术进步影响并不显著,产业集聚对旅游业全要素生产率的促进作用主要是通过改善旅游业技术效率实现的。第四,产业集聚能够有效促进旅游业规模效率和纯技术效率的提升,但是二者在程度上存在较大差异,其对规模效率的促进作用小于其对纯技术效率的影响。

英文摘要：

Based on a data of China＇ s 30 provinces for the period from 2005 to 2012, we conducted an empirical analysis to examine how agglomeration affects the total factor productivity （TFP） of China＇ s tourism industry using the GMM estimation method. The article is organized as follows. We first discuss the background and significance of the research. Next, we present a brief literature review covering agglomeration and TFP within the tourism industry, and the impacts of agglomeration on the TFP of other industries. The third section of the article focuses on our application of data envelopment analysis （DEA） and the Malmquist Index to measure the TFP of the tourism industry. We used the location quotient （LQ） to measure the agglomeration level of China＇ s tourism industry in different provinces. In the fourth section, we illustrate empirical models and use four different methods （the method of ordinary least squares, the fixed effect model, instrumental variables, and the system- generalized method of moments） to estimate the effects of agglomeration on the TFP of China＇ s tourism industry. Subdividing TFP into technical progress and technical efficiency, and technical efficiency into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency, we analyze how agglomeration affects each of these categories using the SYS-GMM estimation method. The four main findings of our study were as follows. First, the average annual TFP growth rate of China＇ s tourism industry was 8.4%. While the annual growth rate of technological progress increased by 10.2%, the technical efficiency declined by 1.6%. This indicated a decrease in both pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. Second, agglomeration had a significant positive affect on the TFP of the tourism industry at the provincial level, with a higher degree of agglomeration corresponding to an increase in TFP. Third, agglomeration had a significant positive impact on tourism＇ s technical efficiency, but its role was insignificant in relation to tourism＇ s