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塔里木河下游生态输水对植物群落数量特征的影响

ISSN号：1001-4675
期刊名称：《干旱区研究》
时间：0
分类：Q948.15[生物学—植物学]
作者机构：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011, [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039
相关基金：国家自然科学基金（90502004,30500081）和中国科学院知识创新项目资助

关键词：植物群落, 生态输水, 植被覆盖度, 综合优势比, 塔里木河下游, plant community, ecology, vegetation coverage, synthetic dominance ratio, the lower reaches of the Tarim River.

中文摘要：

结合2002-2004年对塔里木河下游生态输水过程中5个断面固定植物群落样地的调查,运用群落数量分析法,分析了塔里木河下游植物群落对生态输水的响应.结果表明：在生态输水过程中,植被覆盖度普遍增加,草本植物覆盖度的增长率高于乔木和灌木;各断面乔木和草本植物的综合优势比普遍增加,但优势种的优势地位并没有改变,群落的类型没有变化;在整个研究区,物种的丰富度与均匀度仍很低.为提高输水生态效应,提出河道输水与面上供水相结合的输水方法和建立人工植被等建议.

英文摘要：

The of lower reaches of the Tarim River mean the river section from Qara in Yuli County to the Taitema Lake in Ruoqiang County, Xinjiang, it is located in a zone between the Taklimakan Desert and the Kuruk Desert. In the lower reaches of the Tarim River, it belongs to the warm-temperate arid climate, the annual solar radiation, sunshine duration, accumulated temperature ≥ 10 ℃ and average daily range of temperature vary in ranges of 5 692-6 360 MJ/m^2, 2 780-2 980hours, 4 040-4 300 ℃ and 13-17 ℃ respectively. The intrazonal vegetation in the lower reaches of the Tarim River is composed of the shrubberies, meadows, desert riparian forests, etc., and the dominant plant species are Populus euphratica, Tamariac ramosissima, Tamariz hispida , Lycium ruthenicum , Halimodendron halodendron , Phragrnites communis, Alhagi sparsifolia, Poacynum hendersonii, Karelinia caspica, Glycyrrhiza inflata, etc. In this paper, the response of plant communities to implementing the project of transfusing stream water for regenerating the ecology in the lower reaches of the Tarim River is analyzed based on the investigated data of plots along 5 sections in the lower reaches of the Tarim River during the period from 2002 to 2004. The results show that the vegetation coverage in the lower reaches of the Tarim River has been universally increased after transfusing stream water, especially the coverage of herbaceous plants; the synthetic dominance of both arboreal and herbaceous plants is universally increased, however, the dominant position of the dominant species and the community patterns are not change yet; the abundance and uniformity of species in the study area are still low. Some measures are put forward for increasing the effect of transfusing stream water for regenerating the ecology in the lower reaches of the Tarim River.

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