中文摘要：

民族旅游中的主客互动是旅游人类学和旅游社会学重点关注的问题之一,且产生了大量的研究成果。但目前的研究多聚焦在主客互动的性质与结果上,而对主客互动的微观过程关注很少。文章以民族旅游地区云南丽江白沙村的当地民族餐馆作为研究的微观场所,借用微观社会学的主要理论流派符号互动论关于社会角色与地位等重要范畴的理论,对当地居民与游客之间的角色协商以及地位与权力关系进行了研究。研究发现,由于主客互动发生在由当地少数民族居民所熟悉和掌控的特定空间中,当地居民因扮演着＂主人＂和特定文化＂圈内人＂的角色而控制着主客互动的过程,从而使得他们拥有主导性权力。据此,文章就中国民族旅游的宏观结果即民族旅游的社会文化影响与中外学者展开了对话与讨论。

英文摘要：

The host-guest interaction in ethnic tourism has become one important research field in tourism anthropology and tourism sociology studies since 1970s. Many research results have emerged,yet most of them focus on the nature and outcome of interactions between the locals and tourists,instead of the microscopic process. This study takes two ethnic restaurants,which are located in Baisha Town,Lijiang,China,as the micro research sites to examine the interactions at individual level. An indepth research on the interaction processes was conducted in these two sites,applying the analytical framework from the symbolic interactionism. This study finds that,in the micro process of the interaction between the locals and tourists,there are two types of role relationships,namely the＂host＂and＂guest＂relationship,and the＂businessman＂and＂customer＂relationship. In the role- interactive process,the local residents and tourists are competing with each other in the dimensions of market and space. Although tourists tend to occupy the advantage in the market dimension because of their strong economic capacity,they are often dominated in the space dimension while interacting with the locals.Specifically,the space dimension contains two meanings. Firstly,the specific space in which interactions take place is the micro environment that local residents are familiar with and they tend to control this geographical space as the＂hosts＂. Secondly and more importantly,the situation is also one type of special＂cultural space＂. The local residents,as the＂insiders＂of the cultural space,try to make use of their own unique cultural capital and the local knowledge in front of tourists to highlight their＂knowledge power＂. As a result,it is the locals that become the leaders with＂discourse power＂in this particular cultural space. Furthermore,because of the micro situation decorated and controlled by the local residents as well as coupled with exotic and mysterious ethnic culture,the tourists have a sense of awe and co