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中文摘要：
利用青海湖区1958～2007年气象、水文站的观测资料和江西沟、刚察沙柳河2个站20cm口径蒸发皿与E-601型蒸发量的对比观测资料,计算了月、季、年蒸发量,并应用气候诊断方法分析了蒸发量的年代际变化规律及其突变特征。结果表明：青海湖区4～9月20cm口径蒸发皿湖水与淡水蒸发量的折算系数在0.91～0.97之间,5～9月E-601型与20cm口径蒸发皿蒸发量的折算系数在0.70～0.78之间,同期的蒸发量与温度、湿度、风速等因素关系密切。青海湖年蒸发量呈逐步减少的趋势,但其变化存在明显的阶段性。1958～1963年、1977～1981年、1998～2004年蒸发量增加,1964～1976年、1982～1997年、2005～2007年蒸发量减少。青海湖年蒸发量每25年发生一次突变,20世纪60、80年代蒸发量表现出不稳定,70、90年代是年蒸发量的相对平稳时段。青海湖降水量增多是导致蒸发量减少的最主要的原因之一。
英文摘要：
Using the Qinghai Lake data from the meteorological stations,the hydrological stations,and the observational data of 20-cm evaporation pan and E-601 type of evaporation gauged from two meteorological stations of Jiangxigou and Gangcha,the authors calculated the evaporation sequence,and analyzed its interdecadal change and catastrophe character with the climatic diagnosis method. It is showed that is the evaporation conversion coefficient between lake water and fresh water in the 20-cm evaporation pan during April to September ranges from 0.91 to 0.97 and is the avaporation conversion coefficient between 20-cm evaporation pan and E-601 type of evaporation gauged during May to September ranges from 0.70 to 0.78. The evaporation is deeply related with the temperature,moisture,wind velocity,and so on. The Qinghai Lake annual evaporation is gradually decreased. There is a catastrophe every 25 years. The 1960s and 1980s are the periods during which it changed frequently,the 1970s and the 1990s are relatively stable ones. The increase of precipitation is one of the most important reasons for the decrease of evaporation.
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