中文摘要：

目的为视觉传导路病变的影像学诊断提供形态学依据。方法在26例成人尸体头部的连续冠状断层标本与6例活体成人头部磁共振连续冠状断层扫描图像上,研究视觉传导路的断层解剖。结果本研究辨认了视觉传导路5个关键冠状断层上的典型表现：1.视神经眶中段冠状断层呈圆形,位于眼眶中心偏内上方眶脂体内,周围包绕蛛网膜下隙和视神经鞘。2.视交叉冠状断层呈＂一＂字型横位分隔第三脑室底的视隐窝和漏斗隐窝,其上方是大脑前动脉A1段,下方正中邻垂体柄和灰结节,两侧是颈内动脉C2或C3段。3.视束中部冠状断层呈圆形夹在大脑脚底和杏仁体、尾状核尾之间,下方是脉络丛前动脉,继续向下在钩与大脑脚底之间是大脑后动脉P2段。4.外侧膝状体内侧邻大脑脚底,外侧是尾状核尾,下方是钩和大脑后动脉P2段。5.视辐射冠状断层参与构成侧脑室下角和后角外侧壁,视辐射与侧脑室后角之间隔簿层毯。头部磁共振冠状断层扫描对视觉传导路结构的辨认与连续冠状断层标本具有较好对应性。结论在冠状断层上,对视觉传导路结构的辨认,尤其是关键断层特征结构的辨认,为视觉传导路病变的影像学诊断提供形态学基础。

英文摘要：

Objective To provide practical anatomic data for the imaging diagnosis of the optic pathways. Methods Sectional anatomy of the optic pathways on the coronal plane was investigated on 26 sets of serial coronal sections on the heads of Chinese adult cadavers and 6 sets of serial coronal MRI of normal adults. Results On the coronal plane,we recognized the special structures of the optic pathways on 5 key sections：1. The midorbital optic nerve was located superomedially in the center of the adipose body of the orbit,which was surrounded by the subarachnoid space and the sheath of the optic nerve; 2. The chiasm was transverse between the optic and infundibular recesses of the portion of the floor of the third ventricle and it lay below to the A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery and above the tuber cinereum and the pituitary stalk,with C2 or C3 segment of the internal carotid artery being laterally; 3. The optic tract was between the crus cerebri and the amygdaloid,with the tail of caudate nucleus being laterally,the anterior choroidea artery inferiorly and downward M2 segment of the middle cerebral artery lying between the uncus and the crus cerebri; 4. The lateral geniculate body was between the crus cerebri medially and the tail of the caudate nucleus （laterally）,and the uncus and P2 segment of posterior cerebral artery （inferiorly）; and 5. The optic radiation formed the lateral wall of the lateral ventricle both in the temporal corn and in the occipital corn. The optic radiation was separated from the wall of the occipital horn by the tapetum,a thin layer of fibers derived from the splenium of corpus callosum. Coronal sectional anatomy and MRI images of the optic pathways revealed the similar result. Conclusion It is important for imaging diagnosis to carefully recognize the special structures of the optic pathways on key sections.