中文摘要：

目的研究薄层断面上小脑深部核团的位置、分布和形态,为小脑功能影像学研究、电刺激核团疗法的功能相关性研究以及核团立体定向手术提供其中解剖学依据。方法选择3具成年男性尸体标本,以CT与1.5TMRI经前后连合间线扫描,排除器质性病变。选取其中1例成年尸体头部标本,经明胶包埋和深低温冷冻后,采用铣削精度为0.001mm的SKC500型数控铣床,同样经连合间线制成层厚为0.1mm的连续薄层横断面,对获取的图像进行解剖学观察并择取与齿状核相关的典型断面与相应的活体3.0TMRI图像对照。结果共获得与小脑相关的薄层断面图像620幅,其中齿状核、顶核、球状核以及栓状核出现的层面数分别为145、12、25、20幅。在连续横断面上观察到齿状核最大且最先出现,位于最外侧,形似一个向内侧开口的折叠口袋状结构;顶核最靠内侧,紧邻第四脑室顶的外侧和上蚓前部的内侧面,在中线两侧对称分布;栓状核位于齿状核内侧,不易与其区分,核团部分遮盖齿状核门;球状核由多个散在分布的灰质团块组成,呈前后向伸展,出现于栓状核与顶核之间。结论连续薄层横断面上能较好地显示小脑深部核团的位置、形态以及与周围小脑结构的毗邻关系,对小脑深部核团的功能影像学研究和临床治疗有重要的参考价值。

英文摘要：

Objective To discriminate the precise positions of the deep cerebellar nuclei for functional imaging research on the cerebellum and stereotactic operation of the correlative motor disorders. Methods After CT and MRI examinations to exclude any organic lesion,one head specimen of Chinese adult male was selected from three cadavers,and embedded with gelatin and frozen under profound hypothermia. Subsequently,the specimen was sliced into 0.1mm transverse serial sections along AC-PC line with SKC500 computerized freezing milling machine at-15℃ in a low temperature laboratory. The serial sections were photographed with a high-resolution digital camera and saved in computer files. Finally,the representative sections were meticulously observed and after matching the sectional levels with the MR scans,the position and morphology of dentate nuclei were compared to the corresponding 3.0 Tesla in vivo MRI. Results In transverse sections involving with cerebellum,about 620 layers were obtained and among the total,the dentate nucleus,fastigial nucleus,globose nucleus and emboliform nucleus occurred in about 145,12,25 and 20 layers respectively. The nuclei were four in number on either side,the dentate nucleus localized on majority of the thin sections and appeared as a convoluted band of gray matter. The nucleus fastigii was situated to the middle line at the anterior end of the superior vermis,and over the roof of the fourth ventricle. The emboliform nucleus lay immediately to the medial side of the dentate nucleus,and partly covering its hilus. The globose nucleus was an elongated mass,directed antero-posteriorly,and placed medial to the emboliform nucleus. Conclusion The position and morphology of the deep cerebellar nuclei could be observed clearly on the successive serial thin sections. This anatomical data could provide valuable information for modern functional imaging research on the cerebellum and for clinical applications involved with nuclei.