中文摘要：

通过可控溶剂热法,利用乙二胺作为模板制备出簇形和花形硫化镉（CdS）纳米结构.通过X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）观测其形貌和结构特征.XRD谱线显示,簇形CdS为六方晶体结构,而花形CdS纳米结构则为立方晶体.实验结果表明,整个自组装过程是由成核以及成核竞争引起的不同生长过程所组成的,并且乙二胺的模板功能起了重要的作用.通过不同时间和温度的实验,深入探讨了簇形和花形CdS纳米结构的自组装机理.室温光致发光谱（PL）显示这两种纳米结构在433nm和565nm附近有较强的发射峰,分别对应激子发射和表面缺陷发光.通过Brunauer-Emmett-Teller（BET）方法测试其比表面积.研究了高压汞灯照射下,簇形和花形CdS纳米结构在甲基橙（MeO）溶液中的光催化性能.结果显示,由于其较大的比表面积,花形CdS纳米结构的光催化性能要远优于其它CdS材料.

英文摘要：

Clustered and flowerlike CdS nanostructures were synthesized via the controllable solvent thermal method using ethylenediamine as the structure-directing template. The phase structures and morphologies were measured by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. XRD patterns demonstrated that the CdS nanorod cluster sample was hexagonal cell and the flowerlike CdS nanostructure was cubic cell. Experimental results showed that the whole self-assembly process was made-up of nucleation and growth, which was due to the competition in the nucleation. And the template function of ethylenediamine played an important role in the self-assembly. The self-assembly mechanisms of forming the clustered and flowerlike nanostructures were investigated on the basis of the time- and temperature-dependent experiments and were briefly discussed. At room temperature, photoluminescence （PL） spectrum experiments revealed that CdS nanostructures had two visible emission peaks respectively at the wavelengths of 433 nm and nearly 565 nm, which should arise respectively from the excitonic emission and surfacedefect. The specific surface areas were characterized by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller （BET） method. The photocatalysis of clustered and flowerlike CdS nanostructures in methyl orange （MeO） under high-pressure mercury lamp illumination was investigated. The experimental results indicated that the performance of photocatalytic system employing flowerlike CdS nanostruct-ure, with higher specific surface area, was observed to be better than other CdS materials.