中文摘要：

卟啉化合物在自然界中广泛存在，它作为辅基普遍存在于血色素、肌球素、细胞色素、接触酶素、过氧物酶、叶绿素和细胞叶绿素中。本文主要介绍吡咯与醛酮缩合环化合成卟啉化合物的两种方法：吡咯与醛酮直接缩合环化法和模块法，分别论述近年来四苯基卟啉型（meso-取代）和八乙基卟啉型（β-取代）合成方面的研究进展。对模块法中模块单体的合成制备给予较为详细的介绍。

英文摘要：

Porphyrins are widely distributed in nature, and exist as the prosthetic groups in a wide variety of primary metabolites such as hemoglobins, myoglobins, cytochromes, catalases, peroxidases, chlorophylls, and bacteriochlorophylls. This article describes the current methodology for preparation of simple, symmetrical model porphyrins, as well as more complex unsymmetrically substituted porphyrins. Two methods mean direct condensation of pyrrole and aldehydes to form porphyrins and module route to form porphyrins are presented systematically. Porphyrin syntheses from monopyrroles are best described with reference to two famous porphyrins, tetraphenylporphyrin and octaethylporphyrin. The recent progress in synthesizing module in module route is described in detail.