中文摘要：

设计并合成了油溶性环烷酸锌和异氰酸酯类超分散稳定剂，采用原位构筑方法获得了非水纳米ZnS分散系，用冷冻蚀刻电镜对其进行了表征，用离心实验对其分散稳定性进行了考察．对纳米粒子的形成过程、分散稳定机理进行了阐述．用环块和四球摩擦试验机对纳米ZnS分散系的摩擦学性能进行了研究．结果表明：ZnS为40nm的粒状颗粒，大小均匀，在介质中呈单粒子分散；纳米分散系经72h普通离心和56h非连续超离心均未发生沉降，表现出理想的分散稳定性；试验显示超分散稳定纳米ZnS的存在，能明显改善油样的抗磨减摩性能和承载能力．在试验范围内，添加的纳米ZnS的量越大，其抗磨减摩性能也越好，但当n-ZnS的质量分数大于0．25％时，其承载能力趋于稳定．

英文摘要：

The oil-soluble zinc naphthenate and isoeyanate hyper-dispersion stabilizer were successfully synthesized. The ZnS nanoparticles（n-ZnS） were synthesized in-situ in liquid paraffin containing zinc naphthenate and hyper-dispersion stabilizer. The size, size distribution and conglomeration behavior of n-ZnS in dispersion were observed by the freeze-etching replication transmission electron microscopy technique. Formation and dispersion stability mechanism of n-ZnS were investigated. The tests of normal and high speed centrifuge were used for evaluating the dispersion stability of n-ZnS. Tribological characteristics of the lubricants in the presence and absence of n-ZnS were investigated by the block-on-ring and four-ball tribo-test. The results show that the n-ZnS are grain shape with 40 nm size and single-particle-dispersion properties, which didn＇t come into being sedimentation through 72 h centrifuge tests and 56 h intermittent high speed centrifuge tests. The n-ZnS Nano-dispersion exhibited antiwear property as well as extreme pressure property. The tribological characteristics of oil samples take a turn for better with n-ZnS content adding in the range of experiment. And the extreme pressure properties are heading for stability when n-ZnS contents of oil samples are weight percent of 0.25%.