中文摘要：

植物寄生线虫种类繁多、危害严重，给世界农业生产造成巨大经济损失。目前防治线虫通常采用轮作、杀线虫药剂、生物防治和应用抗性品种等措施，但存在一定局限性。随着植物与寄生线虫之间相互作用机制的深入研究以及分子遗传操作技术的逐渐成熟，利用基因工程技术构建环保、方便、有效的线虫防治策略逐渐成为研究热点。本文从植物抗线虫基因、抑制线虫的外源活性蛋白、特异表达启动子，以及RNAi介导的抗线虫基因工程策略等方面，简要概述了国内外近年来植物抗线虫基因工程新途径研究进展以及在分子抗病育种中的应用。

英文摘要：

Plant parasitic nematodes cause heavy yield losses and difficultly to control. Now strategies to manage nematodes are based on crop rotation, nematocides, biological control, use of resistant cultivars etc., but inadequate. With the further investigation of molecular interaction between plant and nematode, and the development of molecular genetic technology, it has been a hot spot in looking for novel ways to prevent nematode by using genetic engineering technology. The paper briefly reviewed new strategies for plant parasitic nematode control mediated by plant resistance genes, foreign proteins, specific expression promoters and RNAi, and their application in plant disease-resistance breeding.