中文摘要：

缓步动物遗传多样性的研究包括染色体染色技术、核基因和线粒体基因的序列分析以及细胞色素C基因分析几个方面。其包括3纲、5目、13科、100多属，约1000种。不同生境中的缓步动物种群密度具有明显的差异。目前，缓步动物群落多样性的研究主要集中在海拔对缓步动物群落的影响方面。本文按照缓步动物生态学前沿研究的发展趋势，结合我国的研究现状，简要概述了其在遗传、物种和生态系统多样性方面的研究进展与成就，并对今后的研究提出几点建议。

英文摘要：

Advances of the phylogeny, as well as genetic and ecosystem diversity of tardigrades were summarized in the present paper. Chromosome staining technique, the sequence analysis of nuclear gene, mitochon- drial gene and cytochrome C gene were used in the evaulation in the genetic diversity of tardigrades. Tardigrada include three classes, five orders, 13 families, more than 100 genera, and about 1,000 species. The population density of tardigrades showed the obvious difference under different ecosystem. The elevation was a chief factor influencing the community diversity of tardigrades, which had been highlighted. Concerning the developing tendency and the ecological status of tardigrades in China, some suggestions were put forward herein.