中文摘要：

为了研究喀斯特高原深水湖泊沉积物中重金属元素的地球化学特征,以贵州红枫湖为研究对象,分析了该湖13个采样点表层沉积物中的Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn 8种重金属的含量分布特征,并采用潜在生态危害指数法（R I）与地统计分析对其表层沉积物中重金属生态风险性进行了评价与分析.结果表明,红枫湖沉积物中的重金属浓度分布特征为：Fe〉Mn〉Zn〉Cu〉As〉Pb〉Cd〉Hg;以花鱼洞-花鱼洞大桥为界,北湖沉积物中重金属含量普遍高于南湖湖区.相关性分析表明,A、lK、Ca、Na、P与这8种重金属表现出一定的相关性,其中Ca主要表现出较强的负相关,而其它元素和重金属元素表现出正相关,这说明影响沉积物中重金属分布的因素比较复杂.生态风险评价表明,红枫湖水体污染具有一定区域性,其北湖生态危害性普遍高于南湖区域,Cd和Hg的潜在危害性最强,直接影响到整个湖区的生态风险.

英文摘要：

Eight heavy metals（Cd,Pb,As,Hg,Cu,Zn,Fe and Mn） in 13 surface sediment samples collected from Hongfeng Lake in the karstic area of Guizhou Province,were analyzed to study contamination characteristics of heavy metals,and the potential ecological risk index（RI） method was employed to assess the potential risk induced by these heavy metals.The results obtained in this study indicate that the concentrations of these heavy metals follow the order： Fe Mn Zn Cu As Pb Cd Hg.Levels of the heavy metals in the north part of the lake were generally higher than those in the south part.Statistical analysis suggests correlations among Al,K,Ca,Na,P and the eight heavy metals,demonstrating the complex factors affecting the distribution characteristics of heavy metals in sediments.Ca showed significant negative correlation with most of the heavy metals,while the rest of the elements had positive correlations with the heavy metals.According to the ecological risk assessment,Hongfeng Lake might face a regional water pollution,and the ecological risk caused by the heavy metals in the north part of the lake was generally higher than that in the south part.Cd and Hg were the major contributors to potential ecological risk index among these heavy metals,and exerted a direct influence of ecological risk on the lake.