中文摘要：

采用Tessier连续浸提法对红枫湖沉积物中Cd、Pb、Cu、Cr、Zn、Ni、Fe、Mn 8种重金属元素进行化学形态分析.应用次生相与原生相比值法（RSP）和次生相富集系数法（SPEF）对沉积物中重金属元素的人为污染进行评价,分析不同评价方法对结果的影响.结果表明：该湖泊沉积物中Mn主要以铁锰氧化物结合态存在,Cd主要以可交换态存在,元素Pb、Cu、Cr、Zn、Ni、Fe则主要以残渣态存在.RSP法适用范围较小,且缺乏客观性,故本研究主要依据SPEF法对红枫湖沉积物的重金属污染进行评价.Cu的平均KSPEF值高达22.7,明显受到了人为污染;Zn、Ni、Fe、Cr（KSPEF〉1）都具有一定的潜在生态危害;靠近工业区的北湖湖区沉积物中重金属污染程度明显高于南湖.

英文摘要：

The chemical speciation of eight heavy metals （Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni, Fe and Mn） in sediments from Hongfeng Lake, the largest man made lake on the Guizhou Plateau, was studied based on the Tessier sequential fractionation. Both the ratio of secondary phase to primary phase （RSP） and secondary phase enrichment factor （SPEF） were employed to assess heavy metal pollution in sediments, and the outcome of these two assessment methods was compared and analyzed. The results obtained in this study are as follow： Mn and Cd in the sediments existed primarily in the Fe and Mn oxide-bound fraction and in exchangeable fraction respectively, while Pb, Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni and Fe were mainly distributed in residue phase. Since the RSP method has a limited scope of applicability, the present assessment is based principally on the SPEF approach. By using the SPEF method, it was revealed that the average KSPEF of Cu was up to 22.7. As a conclusion, the lake was obviously polluted by anthropogenic sources ; Zn, Ni, Fe and Cr （KSPEF 〉 1 ） had a certain degree of potential ecological risks; Heavy metal pollution in the north area of the lake, which is adjacent to the industrial zone, was clearly more severe than that in the south area.