中文摘要：

通过对鳃、肝脏、肾脏、心脏、背肌、腹肌和尾肌等器官与肌肉中6种重金属（Pb、Cd、Cu、Cr、As和Hg）的调查,分析了百花湖野生鲢和鲤体内重金属含量水平、分布特征及其与水体重金属之间的相关性。在所测4种器官和3处肌肉组织中,鲢和鲤体内重金属平均含量由高到低的顺序为Cu〉Pb〉Cr〉Cd〉As〉Hg;在鲢和鲤各器官中,Cr和Cu表现出较强的相关性,其相关系数分别为r=0.878（P〈0.01）和r=0.972（P〈0.01）,而Cr和Hg只在鲤体内表现出负的相关性r=-0.782（P〈0.05）;以6种重金属为依托的鱼体器官自身之间的相关性较强,但各器官与沉积物和水质中重金属平均含量之间的相关性较弱。聚类分析表明,在两种鱼体内,这6种重金属可以分为3类。研究结果表明,Pb主要蓄积在鲤的肝脏和心脏中,Cd主要存在于两种鱼的肾脏中,Cu主要在肝脏及心脏中蓄积,Cr主要蓄积在两种鱼体的肝脏和心脏中,As在鲤心脏中含量较为突出,但在鲢各器官中含量差异不大,Hg在整个鱼体器官及组织中的含量较为均匀,鱼体可食用的肌肉组织中这6种重金属含量普遍较低。沉积物中重金属主要以硫化物形态存在,生物可利用度低,可能是鱼体重金属元素平均含量普遍较低的主要原因。

英文摘要：

Concentrations and distribution characteristics of six heavy metals（Pb,Cd,Cu,Cr,As and Hg） in Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Cyprinus carpio sampled from Baihua Lake were studied by analysis of these heavy metals in their organs（gills,liver,kidney and heart） and muscle tissues（back muscle,abdominal muscle and tail muscle）,and their associations with these heavy metals in the water were also examined.The results showed that the average levels of these heavy metals in H.molitrix and C.carpio decreased in the order of Cu Pb Cr Cd As Hg;and Cr and Cu showed a significant correlation in the four organs of H.molitrix and C.carpio with the correlation coefficients of r = 0.878（P 0.01） and r = 0.972（P0.01） respectively,while Cr and Hg in C.carpio presented only a negative correlation with the coefficient of r = 0.782（P0.05）.There were significant correlations between concentrations of the heavy metals in the organs of these fish species,but the average levels of these heavy metals in each organ presented low correlations with those in the sediment and overlying water samples.A cluster analysis showed that the six heavy metals in the two fish bodies could be divided into three categories.The content of as in the heart of C.carpio was relatively high,but the content of as in the different organs of H.molitrix had little difference.The level of Hg was relatively uniform in the organs and tissues of the two fish species,the content of these six heavy metals in edible muscle tissue of the fish was generally low.Since heavy metals in sediments from Baihua Lake mainly existed as sulfide compounds that were of low bioavailability,the fish species in this lake were not polluted severely with heavy metals.