中文摘要：

磷钨酸具有酸性,而且具有氧化还原性,是一种多功能的新型催化剂,具有很高的催化活性,稳定性好,既可作均相催化剂,也可做多相催化剂.磷钨酸作为多相催化剂主要负载于无机氧化物、介孔分子筛、活性炭和离子交换树脂等材料中,然而这些多相催化剂存在着结构不明确,磷钨酸分散不均、易流失、活性点易中毒等问题.为了克服以上问题,需要寻找更加合适的载体来制备新颖的负载型的磷钨酸多相催化剂,金属-有机骨架的独特性质,使该材料成为一种优良的催化剂载体.金属-有机骨架（MOFs）又称配位聚合物,是指由金属离子与有机配体通过配位键和其他一些弱作用力连接而成的具有超分子微孔网络结构的一种颇具应用前途的类沸石材料.这种材料具有丰富的孔结构和很大的比表面积,同时具有孔结构规整、孔径大小设计可调、表面化学基团修饰可调等优点,使得它在吸附分离、多相催化、环境保护等领域具有很好的应用前景.HKUST-1（Cu-BTC或MOF-199）是该领域内研究和应用较多的一种金属-有机骨架材料,它最早由香港大学Williams教授课题组报道,其为面心立方晶体.在结构中,每个Cu2簇与四个均苯三甲酸相连,每个均苯三甲酸桥连着三个Cu2簇,形成轮浆式次级结构单元.这些次级结构单元相互交错连接形成3D网络结构,具有孔径约为0.9 nm×0.9 nm的正方形孔道,孔道中的客体分子可以除去,并可以为其它的客体分子所置换.HKUST-1本身即是一种优良的催化剂,同时也可作为一种性能稳定的催化剂载体.目前,关于HKUST-1在催化领域中的应用主要限制在微孔范围,其较小的孔道不利于物质扩散和传输,从而限制其实际应用.本论文利用超分子模板法,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）为模板剂、铜为金属中心、均苯三甲酸为有机配体、磷钨酸（HPWs）为活性组分,采用一步水热法?

英文摘要：

A hierarchical microporous-mesoporous metal-organic framework of HKUST-l（Cu）-encapsulated phosphotungstic acid （HPW） material, referred to as HPWs@Meso-HKUST-1, is prepared by a one-pot synthesis method using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as the supramolecular template. The addition of HPWs to the synthesis mixture of hierarchical porous HKUST-1 results in the direct encapsulation of HPWs inside the mesopores of the HKUST-1 structure, with a homogeneous distribution over the HKUST-1 crystals, which is confirmed by XRD, FT-IR, N2 adsorption, UV-Vis DRS, and TEM. FT-IR-CO adsorption experiments indicated that additional Lewis acid sites were present in the HPWs@Meso-HKUST-1 sample. The novel heterogeneous catalyst demonstrates excellent catalytic performance for the selective oxidation of cyclopentene （CPE） to glutaraldehyde CGA） using tert-butyl hydroperoxide and acetonitrile （MeCN） as the oxidant and solvent, respectively. The high activity of the catalyst is attributed to the mesostructure of the catalyst and the nature and appropriate abundance of the HPWs--being highly dispersed with the addition of Lewis sites. After a reaction for 36 h, the 30% wt% HPWs@Meso-HKUST-1 catalyst exhibits a CPE conversion of 92.5% and a high GA yield of 73%. Furthermore, the HPWs@Meso-HKUST-1 material is sufficiently stable to prevent the leaching of HPWs, and behaves as a true heterogeneous catalyst that can be repeatedly recycled without sustaining a loss of activity and selectivity in the selective oxidation of CPE.