中文摘要：

目的 探讨5-羟色胺转运体（5-HTT）基因的启动子连锁多态性区域（5-HTTLPR）与应激的交互作用对青少年焦虑症状的预测作用.方法 采用随机整群抽样法抽取长沙252名中学生,初测时,采用青少年生活事件问卷（ALEQ）和儿童青少年多维度焦虑量表（MASC）对其应激生活事件及焦虑症状进行评估,并鉴定其5-HTTLPR的基因型.每隔3个月采用ALEQ和MASC对其进行评估,持续24个月.运用多层线性模型分析检验5-HTTLPR与应激对焦虑症状的交互作用.结果 男性样本中5-HTTLPR对焦虑症状无主效应（β=0.80,P＞0.05）,应激对焦虑症状有主效应（β=0.30,P＜0.01）；女性样本中5-HTTLPR对焦虑症状无主效应（β=-0.21,P＞0.05）,应激对焦虑症状有主效应（β=0.33,P＜0.01）；5-HTTLPR与应激的交互作用具有统计学意义,即遭受应激事件后,携带5-HTTLPR S等位基因的女性（β=0.11,P＜0.01）和携带L等位基因的男性（β=-0.10,P＜0.01）会表现出更高的焦虑水平.结论 5-HTTLPR与应激的交互作用对青少年的焦虑症状具有预测作用,并且存在性别差异.

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the interaction between a serotonin transporter gene promoter region polymorphism（5-HTFPR） and stress in predicting anxiety symptoms. Methods Through random cluster sam- pling,a total of 252 healthy adolescents participated in this study. During the initial assessment, all participants completed the Adolescent Life Events Questionnaire （ALEQ） and Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children （MASC） to assess their levels of stress and anxiety and were genotyped for the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism. Partici- pants subsequently completed MASC and ALEQ once every three months during the subsequent 24 months. A mul- tilevel model was used to investigate the interaction between 5-H＇ITLPR and stress that predict anxiety symptoms. Results The results indicated no major effect of 5-HTTLPR in males （ β=0.80, P〉0.05）or females（ β=-0.21, P〉0.05）. There were major effects of stress in males（ β=0.30, P〈0.01 ） and females （ t= 0.33, P〈0.01 ）and a significant interaction between 5-HTI＇LPR and stress. Females with at least one 5-HTrLPR S allele（β= 0.11, P〈 0.01 ）and males with at least one 5-HTTLPR L allele（ t=-0.10, P〈0.01 ）exhibited more anxiety symptoms under stressful situations. Conclusion The interaction between 5-H＇ITLPR and stress can predict anxiety symptoms in adolescents. There are gender differences on the 5-HTFLPR x stress interaction.