中文摘要：

背景：近年来研究发现,微小RNA在成骨细胞分化中发挥了重要作用,为人们理解成骨细胞分化调控过程提供了新的视野和思路。目的：分析微小RNA对成骨细胞分化过程中调控因子和相关信号通路的作用。方法：由第一作者分别以＂成骨细胞,信号通路,调控因子＂和＂microRNA,osteoblast,signaling＂为检索词进行检索,电子检索中国知识资源总库（CNKI）系列数据库的检索时限为2000至2011年,Web of Knowledge数据库的检索时限为1995至2011年。筛选微小RNA在成骨细胞分化方面的文献,排除内容陈旧、重复的文献,最终纳入37篇文献进行分析。结果与结论：微小RNA在调节正常细胞生长、分化以及凋亡过程中发挥了重要作用,微小RNA的发现揭示了一种新的生物基因表达调控方式。微小RNA在成骨细胞分化过程中,通过多种调节因子和信号通路进行调节,发挥着重要作用。一个微小RNA可能调节多个靶蛋白的表达,一个蛋白因子也可能受到多种不同微小RNA的调节,深入研究微小RNA介导的基因表达还必须考虑不同微小RNA与其各自靶点的相互作用。

英文摘要：

BACKGROUND：MicroRNAs act as key regulators in osteoblast differentiation which show a new insight for us into the osteoblast differentiation progress.OBJECTIVE：To analyze the regulation rules of microRNAs on related regulators and signaling in osteoblast differentiation.METHODS：A computer online search of CNKI database（2000-2011） and Web of Knowledge database（1995-2011） was performed by the first author using ＂osteoblast,signaling,regulators,microRNA＂ as the key words in Chinese and English,respectively,to retrieve relevant literatures about microRNA regulating osteoblast differentiation.Articles with stale content and duplicate literatures were excluded,and finally 37 literatures were included for analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：MicroRNAs play an important role in cell growth,cell differentiation,and cell death which are a novel regulation way to biology.MicroRNAs play critical rules on related regulators and signaling in osteoblast differentiation.The expression of several target proteins may be regulated by the same microRNA,and the expression of one target protein may be regulated by many microRNAs.The interactions between microRNAs and their targets must be considered when making a further research on the regulation of gene expression of microRNAs.