中文摘要：

脑电生物反馈是通过一系列训练步骤来控制、调节身心机能的一种方法．脑电生物反馈训练可以调整唤醒水平、促进技能发展和提高任务表现．作为一种有效的训练工具，脑电生物反馈在临床、艺术和运动科学领域有广泛应用．综述了脑电生物反馈在实践中的运用，探讨了脑电生物反馈的神经机制及其对认知和脑功能的影响，并对该领域的未来研究趋向作了分析．

英文摘要：

EEG neurofeedback is a form of operant conditioning where through immediate feedback the subject learns to self-regulate their neurophysiology. A growing body of research has detailed the beneficial relation of EEG neurofeedback and cognitive performance. This present article reviewed the relevant find- ings on the effects of EEG neurofeedback training on cognition and brain function. Overall,the extant liter- ature suggests that does not only EEG neurofeedback might optimize the ability to train arousal control,it also provides psychologists with the ability to improve cognitive performance. Given the problems occurred in this field, the article critically concluded with a discussion of the gap in the literature and suggestions for future research.