中文摘要：

一件沉积样品被收集从一深海热水发泄在 2 951 m 的深度位于西南印度理兹的地。种系发生的分析用聚合酶链反应(PCR ) 在原核生物的社区上被执行 16S rRNA 和 nifH 基因的扩大。在 Archaea 以内，主导的克隆从海洋的 benthic 组 E (MBGE ) 和海洋的组我(MGI ) 分别地属于数 Euryarchaeota 和 Thaumarchaeota。多于细菌的克隆的一半属于 Proteobacteria，并且最在 Gammaproteobacteria 以内掉落了。没有 epsilonproteobacterial 顺序被观察。另外的数包括 Actinobacteria， Bacteroidetes， Planctomycetes， Acidobacteria， Nitrospirae， Chloroflexi， Chlorobi， Chlamydiae， Verrucomicrobia，和候选人部门被检测 OD1， OP11， WS3 和 TM6，证实他们的存在在热水发泄环境。nifH 基因的察觉建议那生物的氮固定可以发生在热水发泄西南印度垅的地。种系发生的分析显示那仅仅聚类我和 III NifH 是在场的。这与微生物引起的 16S rRNA 基因的种系发生的分析一致，显示细菌起在在这的氮固定的主要作用热水发泄环境。

英文摘要：

A sediment sample was collected from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent field located at a depth of 2 951 m on the Southwest Indian Ridge. Phylogenetic analyses were performed on the prokaryotic community using polymerase chain reaction（PCR） amplification of the 16 S rRNA and nifH genes. Within the Archaea, the dominant clones were from marine benthic group E（MBGE） and marine group I（MGI） belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota, respectively. More than half of the bacterial clones belonged to the Proteobacteria, and most fell within the Gammaproteobacteria. No epsilonproteobacterial sequence was observed. Additional phyla were detected including the Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, Nitrospirae, Chloroflexi, Chlorobi, Chlamydiae, Verrucomicrobia, and candidate divisions OD1, OP11, WS3 and TM6, confirming their existence in hydrothermal vent environments. The detection of nifH gene suggests that biological nitrogen fixation may occur in the hydrothermal vent field of the Southwest Indian Ridge. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that only Clusters I and III NifH were present. This is consistent with the phylogenetic analysis of the microbial 16 S rRNA genes, indicating that Bacteria play the main role in nitrogen fixation in this hydrothermal vent environment.