中文摘要：

为探明升温速率对桡足类热忍受能力的影响, 并找出一个相对合适的升温速率作为其高起始致死温度（upper incipient lethal temperature, UILT）试验中的标准升温速率, 研究了中华哲水蚤Calanus sinicus、真刺唇角水蚤Labidocera euchaeta、精致真刺水蚤Euchaeta concinna和背针胸刺水蚤Centropages dorsispinatus等4种桡足类在1℃·h-1、0.1℃·min-1、1℃·min-1和突然暴露等4个不同升温速率下的UILT.结果表明, 同一种桡足类在不同升温速率下的热忍受能力存在较大的差异, 各种桡足类的UILT均在升温速率为0.1℃·min-1时最大, 高于或低于该升温速率, 其UILT都降低.因此, 建议桡足类UILT实验的标准升温速率为0.1℃·min-1.在0.1℃·min-1的标准升温速率下, 各种桡足类的热忍受能力从强到弱依次为真刺唇角水蚤、背针胸刺水蚤、精致真刺水蚤、中华哲水蚤, 其24h-UILT分别为31.0℃、29.6℃、29.1℃和27.7℃, 48h-UILT分别为30.1℃、29.5℃、28.6℃和27.3℃, 各种桡足类的热忍受能力间均有显著差异.

英文摘要：

To explore how heating rate influences the thermal tolerance of copepods and to recommend heating rate criteria during copepod upper incipient lethal temperature （UILT） tests, four copepod species （Calanus sinicus, Labidocera euchaeta, Euchaeta concinna, Centropages dorsispinatus） collected from the Yueqing Bay were studied in laboratory under different heat- ing rates （1℃·h-1、0.1℃·min-1、1℃·min-1, and abrupt exposure）. The results showed that thermal tolerance of the same copepod species varied with heating rate, and all the experimental copepods decreased in number from a heating rate of 0.1 ℃·min-1 to- wards quicker or slower heating rates. Thus, the rate of 0.1 ℃·min-1 was considered as the standard heating rate for UILT experi- ments. In the trial conducted at 0.1 ℃·min-1, the 24h-UILT of L. euchaeta, C. dorsispinatus, E. concinna and C. sinicus were 31.0℃, 29.6℃, 29.1 ℃ and 27.7℃, respectively; the 48h-UILT ofL. euchaeta, C. dorsispinatus, E. concinna and C. sinicus were 30.1 ℃, 29.5 ℃, 28.6℃ and 27.3 ℃, respectively. Differences of thermal sensitivity between these animals were all significant.